Electric-arc lamp



(No Model.)

- A. HARDING.

ELEGTRIG ARO LAMP.

Patented Jan. 18, 188% UNI D STATES PATENT, OFFICE? AUGUST HARDING, or OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

ELECTRIC-ARC LAMP.

srncrrrcn-rrow forming part of Letters Patent No. 356,282. dated January 18,1887. Application filed May24,186. Serial No. 203,159. (No modehl' i A is a frame, having posts a. In these is journaled a shaft, B. Upon one end of the shaft is secured an electric motor, 0, the tendency of which is to rotate To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, AUGUST Hanmxc, of

Oakland, Alameda county, Stateof California,

have invented an Improvement in Electric-Arc Lamps; and I hereby declare the following to rection. Upon said shaft, about its middle, be a. full, clear, and exact description of the is rigidly secured a double faced friction; same. gear, D. l

E are two frictiongears, face of the gear D and the other on the other face, and both gears are loose on the shaft B. These friction-gears are held normallyin contact with the gear 1) by means of the sleeves F, mounted loosely on the shaft B and bearing against the hub of the gears E. The sleeves are held to posit-ion by the levers G, which are pivoted at the points g, embrace the sleeves loosely, and have their upper ends united by a spring, which draws them together. The sleeves are very loose upon shaft B, and they may therefore move without cramping.- v As long as the two gears E remain in a normal position the gear D on move; but when one is released said gear D moves and carries the other gear, E, with it. This effect is attained by so gearing up the gears E that the motion'transmitted from one -isin one direction and that from the other is in the other direction, so that when bothpress gear D it cannot move.

The sleeves F are connected with the friction-gears E by the crank-arms H, the upper ends of which engage the gears and their lower ends are secured in the sleeves. To the other end of the sleeves are attached crank-arms h, the outer ends of which are connected with the arms h of the sleeves h, loosely-upon the shaft B. The outer ends of My invention relates to that class of electric lamps in which means are employed, controlled by an electro-magnet in the main circuit and an electro-magnetin a derived or shunt circuit around the arc, for automatically adjusting the carbon points; and my invention consists in a shaft operated in one direction by an electric r 5 motor and carrying a friction-gear fast upon it, friction-gears loose on the shaftand adapt-ed, normally, to engage the opposite faces of the fast gear; a mechanism controlled-by an electro magnet in the main circuit and an electromagnet in the shnnt-cireuit-around the arc'for throwing either of the loose, gears from its engagement; power-transmitting mechanism between one of theloose friction-gears and the "carbon holders or rods whereby they may be fed down; power-transmitting mechanism between the other of said loose gears and the carbon holders or rods whereby they may be elevated 5 a means controlled -by an electromagnet in the main circuit for relieving the holdersorrods when the current isint-errnpted, and mechanism by which one of said holders or rods may be hung up and brought into action by the-other upon reaching the limit of its movement, together with various details of construction and arrangement, all of which I shall hereinafter fully describe.

The general object of my invention is to proyide simple and efl'ective means for adjusting these sleevescarry pinions h the carbon points. Journale'din the posts a is a shaft, I, upon The particular object is to give an unlimited each end of which are secured the gears i. no

' of these gears me hes directly with the pinion h below and the other meshes with an idlerpinion, h, which mesheswith the other pinion h-.. It will be seen that by the intervention of the idler the power transmitted to theupper shaft, I, is the reverse in direction on one side to its direction on the other. 1 1

J are the carbon holders or rods. These have ratchet-faces, as shown, and with these faces engage the pinions i.

Supposing for the time being that the pinreciprocating motion to the carbon holder,

. while the armatnres of the controlling-magnets have but a small and limited mot-ion.

They are therefore not appreciablyrafl'ected by 5 being nearer to or farther from their poles, and

are only afi'ected by the varying strength of the electro-magnet and the shunt around the are.

Referring to the accompanying drawing for a more complete explanation of my invention,

the figure is an elevation of my lamp, some of the parts being shown in section.

the shaft in one dithe shaft B cannot which. are mounted r ions i are fast on the shaftI and that we have but the one carbon-holder to actuate, the operation of the mechanism as far as described is as follows: If the left-hand lever G be moved over so as to relieve its pressure on the sleeve F, and thus to relieve the gear D from the engagement of the left-hand gear E, the gear D is now permitted to rotate under the power of the electric motor, and it carries the other or right-hand gear E with it. Ashas been said, the arrangement of the chain of gears described transmits power in different directions on each side,and when the two gears E are in engagement with the gear D the latter gear is incapable of moving; but when the pressure of one of the gears E is removed it will yield to its rotating power and will carry the other gear with it; Now,through the righ thand gear E, the crank-arm H, the sleeve F, the crank-arm 71, the arm h, the sleeve h the pinion If, and the gear 5 power is transmitted to the shaft I, whereby the pinion 2" is rotated and the ratchet carbon-rod J is fed down; If, now, the reverse of this operation is had by moving the opposite lever G the motion is transmitted through the chain of gearing on the other side and a reverse movement is imparted to the shaft I, whereby its pinion is caused to raise the carbon holder or rod.

The movement of the two levers G is effected by means of the electro-magnet K in the main circuit and the shunt-magnet K around the arc. Between these are pivoted armatures k, which carry a cross-arm, k, which lies between the two levers and is adapted to come in con-' tact with either, according to the directionof its movement. I need describe but'briefly the manner in which the magnets operate in this connection, as they are infuse in other lamps for the same purpose. As the carbon burns out and the resistance of the are grows greater the current through the shunt-circuit becomes stronger and the armature is attracted by the magnet K, thereby forcing the left-hand lever over and relieving the friction-gear D of the engagement of the left-hand gear E. The gear D, being now free to move, carries the other gear, E, with it, and through the gear-chain I have described transmits motion to the pinion iand feeds the carbon-rod down. If the points now get too close, so that the resistance is weakened, the magnet K becomes relatively strong enough to attract the armature-mud thus to move the right-hand lever, so that the gear D is relieved of the engagement of the right hand gear E, leaving it free to move with the left-hand gear, whereby power is transmitted through the chain of gears on the left and the pinion on the shaft I made to raise the carbon rod. It will be seen, therefore, that said rod is under perfect control. This is the operation supposing the piuion'i is directly connected with the shaft I. Now, in case the current is interrupted for any cause, and that at the time of the interruptionthe carbon points should be separated, it is obvious that as the governing-magnets are no longer in operation arm M over with it.

the points will remain separated, and will thereby prevent the re-establishment of the current; but if by the breaking of the current the chain of gearing is also broken, then the carbon rod, being freed, will drop so as to bring the points in contact, murder to permit the reestablishment of the current. To this end, instead of mounting the pinion 6 directly on the shaft, I secure it upon a sleeve, L, which is loose on the shaft I. One end of the sleeve has pivoted to it an arm, M, which accompanies the sleeve in its rotation, but is adapted to have a movement on its pivot in the plane of the length of the sleeve. magnet in the main circuit, and n is an armature. lhis consists of a standard-leg pivoted at the point n, a ring;body a and an arm, 12- above the ring.

Thetop of the arm on the sleeveLis notched and embraces the spring-body a of the armature, which acts as a guide, so that the armature, when attracted by its magnet, carries the The inner face of the gear 6 is provided with notches or pins 2', and

N is an electrowith these the arm M engages when carried over with thearmature.

As soon as the current begins'to flow the action of the magnet N takes place, and the arm M is thrown to its engagement with the gearz' and the chain is complete, so-that motion is. transmitted to sleeve L; but when the current is interrupted the armature falls back, carrying the IarmM away from the gear, and thus breaking the chain, so that the carbon rod is freed and can fall to carry its. point into coutact'with the opposing point in order tore-establish the current.

The carbon-rods may, of course, be elevated by hand when the lamp is not in operation, because then the chain of gearing is broken. In case I wish to use two carbons, I have the following mechanism, by which butoue set of 1 points will be in use at one time and bywhich the rod in use will at the limit of its movement bring the other into action.

The ratchet-face of one of the rodsis madepermanent. The other is provided with a separate rack-bar,.j, which fits in a groove in the pinion carrying IOO the rod and is adapted to have a slight play therein. The rod is in any manner, top,'so that when the rack moves down the hung upon the rack-bar rod will follow it, and when the rack is raised it carries the rod-up with it. The rack is shorter than the groove-seat in which it fits, so

as by the cross-bar j at its" that it can move down therein until limited by the base of .the groove.

O is a bent lever pivoted at the point 0. Its short arm engages a small socket, o, in the side'of that rod J which has the permanent ratchet-face, and thus hangs said rod up. The position in above its teeth, so that the pinion z" does not aflect it while the gearing is operating the other rod.

Upon the top of the movable rack-bar is a which the rod is suspended is short arm or lug, p, and the long, arm of the lever 0 lies directly under it, so that when'the rack has moved down to the limit the arm or lug coming in contact with the long arm of thelever 0 causes the short arm of said lever to disengage itself from the socket inthe other rod, J, whereby said rod is brought into action. This takes place at the moment when the other rod, j, has finished its movement and is itself hung up by reason .of the arm 11'- on its top coming to rest upon a fixed bearing, N ow, it will be seen that if the rack upon the 'said rod J were fast it would have to be arranged with such precision that it should fin ish its engagement with its pinion i at the moment it brought the other rodinto action.

This nicety of construction is entirely avoided by having it movable, so that when the 'rod is stopped the rack may be fed down by the pinion until it is disengaged, whereupon it drops down to its limit in the base of.its seat,

and it has not affected the rod' which remains hung up.

Having thns'described my invention, what I claim as new, and r'lesire to secure by Letters ra-tent, is-

1. In an electric-arc lamp, and in combina tion with a shaft and an electric motor tending to turn the shaft .in one direction, a friction-. gear fast on the shaft, frictiongears loose on the shaft and normally engaging the opposite faces of the fast gear, power-transmitting mechanism between the loose friction-gears and thev carbon holder or rod, and a means, controlled by an electromagnet-in the maincircuit and an electro-magnet in a shunt-circuit around the are, for throwing either of the loose gears from its engagement, substantially as hereindescribed.

2. In an electric-arc lamp, and in combina-- tion with a shaft and an electric motor tending to turn the shaft in. one direction, a friction-gear fast on the shaft, two friction-gears loose on the shaft and engaging, normally, the opposite faces of the fast gear, power-transmit ting mechanism between each of theloose gears and the carbon holder or red, an electro-magnet in the main circuit, an electro-magnet in a shunt-circuit around the arc, and armatures operated thereby, and pivoted levers operated by the armatures to throw either of the loose friction-gears out of engagement with the fast gear, substantially as herein described. 3. In an electric arc lamp, and in combination with a shaft and a motor tending to turn the shaft in one direction, a friction-gear fast on the shaft, friction-gears loose on the shaft and normally engaging the opposite faces of vthe fast gear, power-transmitting mechanism between one of the loose gears and the carbon holder or rod, so as to feed said holder down, power-transmitting mechanismbetween the otherloose gear and the carbon holder or rod,

whereby it is raised, and a mechanism, controlled by an electro-mgnetin the main circuit and an eleetro-magnetin a shunt-circuit around .the are, for throwing cit-her loose gear out of pivoted armatu re 1:,

herein described.

4. In an electric-are lamp, the rotating shaft B, and the friction-gear D, fast thereon, in combination with the loose friction-gears E, the sliding sleeves F, bearing against the loose gears, and the pivot-ed spring-united levers G, bearing against the sleeves and holding the loose gears to their engagement with the fast gear, a connection between the sleeves and the loose gears, and a chain of gearing between the sleeves and the carbon holder or rod for feed ing it down or up, the electromagnet K, the shunt-magnet K, and the armatures it, having a cross-arm, k, for operating the levers, substantially as herein described.

5. In aneleetricarclamp, the rotating shaft B, the gear D, fast thereon, the gears E, loose thereon and engaging the opposite faces of gear D, and a mechanism, controlled by an electro-magnet in the main circuit and an electromagnet in a shunt-circuit around the are, for throwing either gear out of engagement with the fast gear, in combination with the ratchet carbon holder-or rod J, the shaft 1, havinga pinion, -i, engaging the rod, powertransmitting mechanism between one of the loose gears E and the shaft 1 by which it is rotated in one direction, and power-transmittingntechanism between the other loose gear and the shaft for rotating it-in the reverse di rection, substantially as herein described.

6. In an electric-arc lamp, the rotating'shaft B, the gear D, fast thereon, the gears E, loose, thereon and engaging the opposite faces of gear D, and a mechanism, controlled by an clectro magnet in the main circuit and an electro-magnet in a shunt-circuit around the are, for throwing "either gear out-of engagement wit-h the fast gear, in combination with the ratchet carbon I, the loose sleeve L on the shaft,carrying the pinion-i,engaging the rod J, and power-transmitting devices bywhich the rotation of the loose gears E is transmitted in reverse directions tothc shaft I, and a mechanism controlled by an electro-magnet in the main circuit for throwing the sleeve L in and out of holder or rod J, the shaft gear with the shaft I, substantially as herein described. a

7 In an electric-arc lamp, the rotating shaft B, the gear D, fast thereon, the gears E, loose thereon and. engaging the opposit e faces of gear D, and a mechanism, controlled by an electro-niagnet in the main circuit and an-elcc- 'tro-magnet in a shunt-circuit around the are,

for throwing either gear out of engagement with the fast gear, in combination with the ratchet carbon holderor rod J, the shaft I,the loose sleeve L on the shaft,having a pinion, i, engaging the rod J, and. a pivoted'end arm, M, power-transmitting mechanism by which the rotation of the loose gears E is transmitted in reverse r30 directions to the shaft I, the

electro-maguet N in the main circuit, and the engaging arm M, and a connection between said arm and the powerpress the loose gears against the fast gear, the

electromagnet K, and the' shunt-magnet K, and their armatures it, having a cross-arm, k,

whereby the levers are affected to relieve one or the other of the loose gears from its engagement with the fast gear, the shaft I, achain of gearing between oneof the sleeves F and'the shaft I, by. which it isturned in one direction, a chain of gearing between the other sleeve F and the shaft I, by which it is turned in the other direction, the sleeve L, loose on the shaft I, and having the pinion i, engaging rod J,

and the pivoted armIiI, the magnet N, and the armature oz, engaging the pivoted arm M of the sleeve and throwing it into or out of engagement with the chain of gearing, all are v r 356,282

ranged and adapted to operate substantially as herein described.

9. In an electric-arc lamp, the shaft I, the pinions 2', carried thereby, and power-transmitting devices,controlled by an electro-magnet in the main circuit and an electro-magnet in a shunt-circuit around the arc, for ro tating the pinions in either direction, in combination with the carbon holder'or rod having a permanent ratchet-face with which one of the pinions i engages, the carbon holder or rod having a longitudinally-movable rackbar with which the other pinion i engages, the pivoted bent lever O, by which the first carbon holder or rod is suspended out of engagement with the pinion, the arm or lug on the movable rack-bar of the other carbon holder or rod by which the lever O is disengaged, and the arm or lug on the last-named carbon holder or rod by which its movement is limited, substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my 50 hand.

AUGUST HARDING.

Witnesses:

S. NOURSE, H. vC. LEE. 

